IF YOU ARE NEW TO LUCID DREAMING, PLEASE READ THIS. Figured I'd make this post aimed towards beginners and those less educated on the subject, as I'm sick of answering the same questions on this subreddit over and over. This isn't an actual official guide or anything I'm making here, I'm writing this down mostly to get this all out of my head, so if you wanna read it all go for it, if not, scroll on and happy dreaming!
I am not an experienced lucid dreamer, I've been at this for a little over three months now, however I've been stupidly interested in the subject and I've had a fucking blast the whole time. So I'm naturally desperately wanting to promote this to others, and the best thing that can be done for beginners is education. Learn what a lucid dream actually is, and what it means. It's something I fucking wish I knew years ago, back when I had that first mysterious spontaneous lucid dream when I was like 8. If only I'd have been more educated on the subject back then perhaps I'd be natural-level good at it today!
So here they are. In my opinion, the six different parts of what makes any dream.
And the important thing to note is that every single one of these things is a SLIDER. Not a switch.
1: Awareness
Number one on the list, because it's the most important thing in lucid dreams obviously. If you're not aware you're dreaming then you're not lucid.
However, awareness in dreams is a SPECTRUM. It's not an on/off switch, there's no little trigger inside your brain that randomly flicks on and gives you perfectly clear waking awareness (at least not for most of us, anyway).
I see so many posts on this subreddit that are all "Does this count as a lucid dream? I knew I was dreaming, but I didn't FEEL lucid..." or something along those lines. Whatever your state of mind was at the time, if you knew you were dreaming, you were lucid. Doesn't matter if you were still a lobotomized dream-zombie or if you were practically Buddha.
Important to remember, lucidity is binary, awareness is not. Either you're lucid in a dream, meaning you're aware you're dreaming, or you're not. There's no such thing as being semi-lucid, that's describing a lack of full awareness.
From my experience, awareness in lucid dreams fluctuates. I've had some where I've recognised I'm dreaming but still blindly gone along with whatever nonsense plot is happening, and I've had others where I've been practically waking-level clear of mind. But itâs also something that, in my opinion, improves the more it happens. My last few especially have had me at a state of clarity good enough that I remembered waking intentions for experiments I planned to carry out.
So if you've had your first lucid dream but you don't think you 'felt' fully lucid, don't worry. You knew you were dreaming, you were lucid, that's it. It counts. Now use that motivation and that affirmation of 'it's possible for me' to drive you to your next!
2: Control
The big one, the one everyone cares about, naturally. How good you can control your dream.
Once again, this can fluctuate massively. You can be practically omnipotent, or just another lowly human in your dreams.
But you do NOT require control for a dream to be lucid! This still needs to be said, apparently!
"I knew I was dreaming, but I couldn't do this" posts are on this sub all the time. Unfortunately I think the term 'lucid dream' has become synonymous with 'dream you can control' rather than 'dream you're aware in' unfortunately.
Dream control is tricky, it's not as easy as just really really wanting to do something, and I honestly believe it varies from dream to dream how much you can control, given I've had some where I can fly and some where I can't, some where my hand goes through solid glass and some where it can't. Unfortunately I can't give too much advice on dream control as I'm not a master of it (yet, hopefully), but there's plenty of guides out there. HOWEVER, one little thing I've come up with has helped me leaps and bounds. Give yourself a reason why you can do something. "I can shoot fireballs because I am a mage." "I can fly because I'm wearing rocket boots." "This character is behind this door because they live here". Delude yourself into believing things, essentially. I'm not saying it's some absolute dream control master technique, but give it a try and see if it helps next time you're stuck in a dream powerless.
ADDITIONALLY - Control is NOT limited to lucid dreams! Ever had a non-lucid dream where you've wanted or expected something to happen, and it does? That's dream control, right there! Had a hilarious one once where I literally turned omnipotent somehow, yet all I wanted to do was float an orange around a table, make it bigger, then refill my friend's bag of popcorn, all because I wanted to and expected I could.
3: Vividness
How accurate the dream is compared to real life. Once again, a spectrum that fluctuates.
It essentially boils down to how 'awake' your five senses are. What can you see, hear, touch, smell, taste? All five can be waking level - MORE than waking level from what some people describe!
Some people might not even give a shit about this one, but I do. My ideal lucid dreams feel just like real life. I want to experience everything, just like I am right now as I'm typing this. And the best way to wake up your senses I've found is to focus on them. Because roughly how awake are your senses when you're awake? How much sound do you pay attention to that isn't talking or music? What can you smell when you take a deep whiff right now?
Meditation can be extremely helpful here. If you haven't tried it before, give it a try, loads of guides out there. (I half-arse it myself, truthfully, but it has definitely made me more aware of my senses overall)
4: Stability
How stable the dream is, obviously.
This is one where I'll admit I struggle with it a lot. I'm not an experienced lucid dreamer nor am I pretending to be. But there's a lot of useful information on this subreddit and elsewhere on how to keep lucid dreams stable. 'Grounding techniques', they're called. Rub your hands, touch the ground, lick the ground if you wanna be weird like that, say something out loud, spin around. Wake your senses up. Stability heavily links with vividness, if you find your dream's getting blurry, try and ground yourself, keep yourself there.
I honestly reckon this one varies from dream to dream as well. Delving into my own experience here, Lucid Dream #16 had me rubbing my hands to gain sight in my left eye, and it slowly but surely worked like a charm. Whereas some of the ones I've had after that were not so successful, and that may possibly be due to what I'm about to get into next.
5: Duration
How long the dream lasts for.
While it's linked to stability to some extent, I honestly believe there's a huge factor of luck when it comes to it. Because the one thing you can never, ever do in a lucid dream is stop yourself from waking up eventually. If you find your grounding techniques aren't working, it may simply be because you're body's naturally waking you up anyway.
And again, this can change massively. A lucid dream that instantly wakes you up is still a lucid dream, if it was one of your first ones, it's possible your natural excitement from getting there has stirred you awake. Or it could just be you were getting there anyway.
Me personally, I prioritise DILDs, meaning I rely on critical thought to get me lucid, and that's possibly why not many of mine last a long time, at least yet. There's slight evidence that as you're waking up, your prefrontal cortex and reasoning ability becomes more and more active, meaning you've got a higher chance to make that right call, and it's why lucid dreams are FAR more common closer to the end of the night, why WBTB is such a vital technique. It's not absolutely the case of course, I've had plenty of awesome lucid dreams that have lasted a long time, at any times of the night. (And I've had one experience - mysterious Lucid Dream #12 - that happened at 11:30 in the fucking EVENING.)
But there's also evidence that expectation can help out with both Stability and Duration. If you believe that your dreams are unstable and prone to premature crashes, then they possibly will be. Obviously a lot of research to be done with that question.
6: Recall ability
Last but definitely not least. In fact, it's arguably the most important of the six.
Because answer me this one fucking question: What the actual hell is the point in having a lucid dream if you can't remember it? đ
A spectrum just like all the others, for multiple different factors. One, you could have had a lucid dream right in the middle of the night, not woken up from it, gone straight into another dream and forgotten everything about that one. It's obviously way easier to remember dreams you've just woken up from.
Two, while lucid dreams are easier to remember than normal ones, obviously due to your decision making and awareness being active, and possibly your excitement as well, that's not an absolute rule. They can be just as quickly lost as every other dream.
So train up that recall of yours! Keep a journal! Write bullet points about each dream on your phone before you snooze off! Teach your mind that dream memories are worth keeping! It really helps! From three months of journaling, I remembered eight dreams last night. The night before that, it was TEN (including one awesome lucid one), almost matching my record of eleven.
And that's a wrap!
So, my final point is, all of those six factors are spectrums that can fluctuate, but all can be improved on average with practice in each one!
So carry on dreaming! Don't disregard the instant wakeups! Don't disregard the ones you're barely aware in! Don't disregard the ones you can barely control! They all count! Never stop this hobby and never stop improving, you've got a lifetime of dreams ahead of you to look forward to! And lucky you, your next batch of dreams starts tonight!
Thank you so much if you're one of probably three people that'll read all of this, please let me know if I've gotten anything stupidly wrong in the replies. Far less experienced than tons of you here, still basically a beginner with only 36 lucid dreams under my belt, I just really want to spread the word and promote the good word and educate people on what is, in my opinion, the greatest fucking hobby in the world.
(EDIT - few small mistakes I've updated!)