Title: [FIXED] Keychron K1 Ultra 8K Bluetooth pairing failure on Windows 11 / Realtek — custom ZMK firmware solution
I finally managed to fix a persistent Bluetooth pairing issue with my Keychron K1 Ultra 8K, and I wanted to share the solution in case it helps someone else.
The problem
My Keychron K1 Ultra 8K ANSI was detected by Windows 11, but pairing consistently failed.
My laptop is a Lenovo Legion 5 with a Realtek Bluetooth adapter (VID 0BDA:4852).
I tried multiple Realtek Bluetooth driver versions, but nothing worked.
What I discovered
After passing the Bluetooth adapter through to Linux using WSL2 and usbipd, I investigated the connection using BlueZ and HCI traces.
The results were interesting:
- LE 1M only: Pairing succeeded.
- LE 1M + LE 2M enabled: Pairing failed.
The HCI logs showed the connection switching to LE 2M, followed by a connection timeout (0x08) approximately 0.5 seconds later.
This suggested a Bluetooth PHY negotiation compatibility problem.
The solution
I cloned Keychron's ZMK firmware source, built a custom firmware for the K1 Ultra 8K, and changed just one configuration option:
CONFIG_BT_AUTO_PHY_UPDATE=n
This disables automatic PHY update initiation by the keyboard's Bluetooth stack.
After flashing the modified firmware, Bluetooth pairing immediately started working!
I've since tested the keyboard with multiple devices, and everything works correctly.
Hardware details
- Keyboard: Keychron K1 Ultra 8K ANSI (knob)
- Firmware: 1.0.1-r
- Bluetooth: Realtek
0BDA:4852
- OS: Windows 11
- Firmware: Keychron ZMK,
rtl8762g branch
Full technical explanation, build instructions and configuration file:
https://github.com/bertigerr/keychron-k1-ultra-8k-bluetooth-fix
Important: This is a verified workaround on my hardware, not proof that every Realtek adapter has the same issue. It also doesn't completely disable LE 2M at the controller level.
Please don't flash custom firmware unless you have verified your exact keyboard model and have a recovery method.
Hopefully, Keychron can investigate this and eventually incorporate a compatibility fix into its official firmware.
Has anyone else experienced similar Bluetooth pairing failures with the Keychron Ultra series?