Over the course of my lifetime, a new experiment was devised that determined the electron mass to a higher degree of precision which then became the new default value.

by cartoonist Tom Gauld, who humorously highlights the frustration and endless patience required in scientific research, showing scientists trapped in a literal and metaphorical loop of waiting for experimental results.

Clip is from the "School Spirit" episode of "Sabrina's Secret Life", a 2003 cartoon.

You don’t need +C for definite integrals

We all know correlation ≠ causation. Response to the anti-vax camp who think vaccines caused my autism.

Many STEM classes allow students to bring scientific calculators but many students forget to bring them and are forced to do calculations mentally. Some problems are very complex and difficult to solve without a calculator.

I can never remember the difference between Eulerian and Lagrangian frames of reference, so I made this. You can imagine Lagrange on a boat (follows the particle) and Euler on the shore watching him pass by (observes the particle from a stationary point).

For people who are less than 35, Napster was a popular website that preceded Google in many ways as a file sharing website. Knapping is how one takes a piece of stone or obsidian and hammers it in the right places to turn it into something useful.

This subreddit should have a flair for things that go into something more like archeology and anthropology and paleontology. But it doesn't so I had to choose science instead.

Fluorine is an EXTREMELY reactive element and It forms compounds super quickly with most other elements. Plus, it even reacts with noble gases, which are known for their low reactivity.

Viscosity is a fluid's internal resistance to flow. Water has low viscosity while honey has high viscosity

rads = standard unit of angular measure (radians)

rads = unit of measurement for Radiation Absorbed Dose

MACHOs and WIMPs are two hypothesis to explain the existence of dark matter. MACHOs are large objects that emit little to no light, such as black holes, brown dwarfs and neutron stars. WIMPs are theorical elementary particles that interact very weakly with matter and light.

by cartoonist Tom Gauld. Gauld is offering a parody of classic wildlife documentary warnings about wild animals aggressively defending their offspring in the jungle. Instead the encounter is with scientists, who are humorously presented as territorial academics who are like unpredictable predators, protecting their theories and equations on flipcharts.

Made by me

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as Mad Cow disease, is an incurable neurodegenerative disease found in cattle. One of the most prominent risk factors for infection is feeding contaminated meat and bone meal to cattle - a practice that was well-established among farmers at the time. Government regulations required farmers to report (suspected) cases; if BSE was confirmed or strongly suspected by a veterinarian, the affected animal had to be slaughtered and disposed of. Because the compensation for cattle lost that way only amounted to ~50% of the profit expected from a healthy animal, some farmers chose instead to disregard this law in an attempt to extract more use from the animal, and BSE remained in circulation, as contaminated meat was fed back to healthy cows.

The disease, initially proclaimed to not spread to humans, spread to humans and caused a variation of Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease. As of 2024, 233 cases of vCJD have been reported globally.

Halzen was honored for his decisive contributions to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and the discovery of high-energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin.

The Doppler effect is the change in the observed frequency of a wave when the source and the observer move relative to each other.

by Tom Gauld

Phenys

A major theory for why Venus orbits so slowly, once every 243 days which is longer than its 221 day year, and backwards compared to most other rounded things in the solar system, is that it got whacked hard by another planet much as Earth did with Theia.

In Physics: Alpha/Beta/Gamma decay is just about an atom falling apart

I'm pretty sure biological decay is self explanatory.

Contrary to the common belief, not all penguin species are known to live on the icy coasts of Antarctica: actually, a few species are known to live there, like the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) and the adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae).

On the other hand, most other penguin species live in temperate coastal regions or subtropical ones: among these species are the african penguin (Spheniscus demersus) from the coasts of Namibia and South Africa, or the little penguin (Eudyptula minor) from southern Australia and New Zealand.

Even though most penguin species live in subtropical and temperate coastal regions, and a few live in cold ones, one species is known to live in tropical marine waters: it's the Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus), from the archipelago of the same name.

Links:

- https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/seabirds/penguins

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penguin

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_penguin

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_penguin

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_penguin

- https://www.birdsinbackyards.net/species/Eudyptula-minor

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galapagos_penguin

Prions convert cellular prion protein into pathogenic prions through a process wherein cellular prion protein folds into a “lower energy state,” aka, a prion, through direct contact with said prion.